Nested Conditionals

Sometimes we need to make another decision inside a condition. This is what nested conditionals are for - conditions inside other conditions:

int age = 20;
bool hasLicense = true;

if (age >= 18) {
    if (hasLicense) {
        std::cout << "Can drive a car" << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Doesn't have a license" << std::endl;
    }
} else {
    std::cout << "Too young to drive" << std::endl;
}

We can use nested conditions at any depth, but with each nesting level the code becomes less readable. Therefore, it's often better to use logical operators:

// Instead of nested conditions
if (age >= 18 && hasLicense) {
    std::cout << "Can drive a car" << std::endl;
} else {
    std::cout << "Cannot drive a car" << std::endl;
}