Recap

In the first lesson, we learned that:

• HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the language that describes the content and structure of web pages. Together with CSS and JavaScript, it is the basis of every website.
• An HTML element consists of an opening tag, content and a closing tag, for example <h1>Hello world!</h1>. The h1 element is the main heading of a page (heading level 1).
• The document type declaration <!DOCTYPE html> goes on the first line. Upper and lower case don't matter in it.
• Every page has the same skeleton: the html element wraps the whole page, and inside it, head comes first and body below it.
• The head element holds information about the page that isn't shown in it, such as the title in the browser tab or the favicon.
• The <meta charset="utf-8"> element (meta as in metadata) tells the browser how to read letters such as é, ñ or č. It goes first in head and has no closing tag.
• The title element sets the title of the page, which appears in the browser tab and in search results.
• The body element contains everything visible on the page, such as headings (h1) and paragraphs (p).
• An element inside another element is nested in it. The outer element is its parent, the nested element is its child, and elements with the same parent are siblings.
• Each child is indented one level deeper than its parent. A tab, two spaces or four spaces are all fine, as long as the indentation is consistent.

These are the absolute basics of HTML. In the next lesson, we will start adding content to our page: headings, paragraphs and lists, as well as formatted text and comments. Exciting times ahead!